HSK 2 Conversational Chinese 第二课 你的眼睛怎么红红的Lesson 2 Why are your eyes so red? Text 3

HSK Standard Conversational Course (Level 2) HSK标准会话教程（2级） HSK 2 Conversational Chinese 第二课 你的眼睛怎么红红的 Text 3 课文三 

莎Shā莉lì 今jīn天tiān早zǎo上shang来lái 学xué校xiào上shàng课kè 的de 时shí候hou，眼yǎn睛jīng红hóng红hóng的de。因Yīn为wéi今jīn天tiān 她tā 妈mā妈mā走zǒu 了le，她tā 有yǒu点diǎn儿er 想xiǎng妈mā妈mā。下Xià午wǔ天tiān阴yīn 了le，有yǒu点diǎn儿er冷lěng，不bù 知zhī道dào是shì 不bú 是shì要yào下xià雪xuě。我Wǒ 和hé莎Shā莉lì 都dōu很hěn 喜xǐ欢huan下xià 雪xuě。

When Sally came to class this morning, her eyes were very red. Her mom left today, so she misses her mom a little bit. In the afternoon, the sky became overcast and it was a bit cold. We don’t know whether it’s going to snow or not. Both Sally and I like it very much when it snows.

语法点 Grammar Points

1.疑问代词“怎么”：是“为什么”的意思，“怎么+动词/形容词”可以问原因，多带有惊讶、意外的语气。“怎么”可以用在主语前，也可以用在主语后。例如：

:Interrogative pronoun“怎么”, meaning “how come”, “why”. The structure “怎么+v./adj.” can be used to inquire the reason when one is taken by surprise. “怎么” can be placed either before the subject or after the subject. For example:

你的眼睛怎么红红的？= 怎么你的眼睛红红的？

Why are your eyes so red?

怎么现在天气阴了？= 现在天气怎么阴了？

How come it’s become overcast now?

你怎么不回家？= 怎么你不回家？

Why aren’t you going back home?

 

2.形容词重叠：有些单音节形容词可以按AA式重叠，可以在句中做谓语，具有描写的作用。作谓语时，句末要有“的”。例如：

Reduplicated adjectives: Some monosyllabic adjectives can be reduplicated according to the AA pattern in order to enhance their descriptive function. They can form the predicate of the sentence, in which case “的” should be used at the end of the sentence. For example:

现在天黑黑的。

The sky is very dark now.

她的眼睛红红的。

Her eyes are very red.

他女儿眼睛大大的。

His daughter’s eyes are very big.

 

3.连词“因为”：用在分句的句首，表示原因。例如：

The conjunction“因为”：used at the beginning of a clause to indicate the reason. For example:

她喜欢北京，因为北京东西很便宜。

She likes Beijing, because things in Beijing are cheap.

我买了很多苹果，因为今天苹果很便宜。

I bought a lot of apples, because they are very cheap today.

老师今天没来学校，因为她生病了。

The teacher didn’t come to school today, because she is sick.

 

4.语气助词“吧”：当说话人对情况有了某种估计，但又不能完全肯定时，可以在陈述句的句尾用“吧”构成疑问句，表示推测的意味。例如：

The modal particle“吧”: a speaker who reckons something but cannot be fully certain will use “吧” at the end of the sentence to form an interrogative sentence and to express an estimation. For example:

你是老师吧？

Are you a teacher?

A：我昨天来上课了。

A: I came to class yesterday.

B：不对吧？我没看见你。

B: How can it be? I didn’t see you.

A：我昨天学习了一晚上。

A: I was up studying all night.

B：不是吧？

B: Not really?

 

5.“要……了”：“要”是助动词，和“了”一起构成“要+动词/动词性短语+了”的句式，表示动作将要发生。例如：

“要……了”: “要” is an auxiliary verb used together with “了” to form the sentence pattern “要+verb/phrasal verb+了”, which expresses an action that is about to take place. For example:

我妈妈要回去了。

My mom will go back.

我要睡觉了。

I’m going to sleep.

快走吧，要上课了。

Let’s hurry, class is about to start.

 

6.用“是不是”“对不对”的正反疑问句：当说话人对情况有了比较肯定的估计时，为了进一步得到证实，就可以用“是不是”“对不对”进行提问。“是不是”可以用在句首、句尾或谓语前，“对不对”只能放在句尾。例如：

Affirmative-negative questions with “是不是” and “对不对”: when the speaker is fairly certain about their estimation, they may ask their question using “是不是” or “对不对” to obtain further confirmation. “是不是” can be used at the beginning of the sentence, at the end of the sentence, or in front of the predicate, whereas “对不对” can only be used at the end of the sentence. For example:

是不是要下雨了？

Isn’t it going to rain?

你妈妈是不是要走了？

Your mom is about to leave, no?

你不高兴，是因为你妈妈要走了，对不对/是不是？

You’re sad because your mom is going away, isn’t that right?

当用“不知道”否定这个疑问句的时候，句子不再是疑问的语气，而是表示不确定的推测语气。例如：

When “不知道” is used to negate this type of affirmative-negative question, the sentence loses its interrogative tone and only expresses an uncertain feeling about a situation. For example:

不知道是不是要下雨。

I’m not sure whether it’s going to rain or not.

他今天没来学校，不知道是不是生病了。

He didn’t come to school today, I’m wondering whether he’s sick.