辛苦
hard work / arduous / toilsome
A versatile word used to describe difficult effort or to express gratitude for someone's hard work. 一个多功能词，用于描述艰苦的努力或对他人的辛勤工作表示感谢。
Example 用法一: Describing a task
我的工作很辛苦。
My job is hard.
Example 用法二: Expressing gratitude
辛苦了！谢谢大家！
Thank you very much for your hard work.
Grammar Notes 语法解析
1. As an Adjective (形容词): 辛苦 (xīnkǔ) directly describes something as arduous or demanding.
E.g., 学习很辛苦 (xuéxí hěn xīnkǔ) - Studying is hard.
E.g., 这份工作很辛苦 (zhè fèn gōngzuò hěn xīnkǔ) - This job is very demanding.
2. As an Expression of Gratitude: 辛苦了 (xīnkǔ le) is a common polite expression. The particle 了 (le) often indicates a completed action or a change of state. Here, it softens the phrase and makes it a fixed expression. It's used to acknowledge someone's effort and express thanks.
Cultural Context 文化背景
辛苦了 (xīnkǔ le) is a cornerstone of politeness in Chinese culture. It's more nuanced than a simple "thank you." It specifically acknowledges the effort, trouble, or hardship someone has gone through for you or for a collective task.
Common Scenarios 常见场景:
- To a teacher after a class. 向老师说。
- To colleagues at the end of a workday. 对同事说。
- To service staff after they've assisted you. 对服务人员说。
- To someone who has helped you with a difficult task. 对帮助过你的人说。
Character Breakdown 字形解析
辛
spicy, laborious, suffering
苦
bitter, hardship, pain
The combination implies enduring hardship and toil. 字面组合意味着承受艰辛和劳苦。
