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疑问代词(3):几

HSK 1

Interrogative Pronoun (3): How many, what

基本语义及用法

用在疑问句中,询问数量。一般用来询问“十”以下或说话人认为很少的数量。多用于口语。

It is used in interrogative sentences to ask about the quantity. The number is normally smaller than 10 or is thought to be very small. It is usually used in spoken Chinese.

典型例句和对话

例句 交际实践
①现在几点?
Xiànzài jǐ diǎn?
What time is it now?
¿Qué hora es ahora?
(在公园)
(Zài gōngyuán)
(In the park)
(En el parque)
女儿:妈妈,现在几点?
妈妈:三点,我们回家吧。
Māma: Sān diǎn, wǒmen huí jiā ba.
Mom: It’s three o’clock, let’s go home.
Mamá: Son las tres, volvamos a casa.
②你有几本中文课本?
Nǐ yǒu jǐ běn Zhōngwén kèběn?
How many Chinese textbooks do you have?
¿Cuántos libros de texto de chino tienes?
(在教室)
(Zài jiàoshì)
(In the classroom)
(En el aula)
A:你有几本中文课本?
B:两本。我送你一本。
B: Liǎng běn. Wǒ sòng nǐ yī běn.
B: Two. I’ll give you one.
B: Dos. Te doy uno.
③你们几个人去?
Nǐmen jǐ gèrén qù?
How many of you are going?
¿Cuántos de ustedes van?
(在房间)
(Zài fángjiān)
(In the room)
(En la habitación)
A:你们几个人去?
B: 我们3个人去。
B: Wǒmen 3 gèrén qù.
B: Three of us are going.
B: Vamos tres.

补充例句Additional Example Sentences

①你家有几口人?
Nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ kǒu rén?
How many people are in your family?
¿Cuántas personas hay en tu familia?

②你买了几张车票?
Nǐ mǎi le jǐ zhāng chēpiào?
How many tickets did you buy?
¿Cuántos boletos compraste?

③你看了几个电影?
Nǐ kàn le jǐ gè diànyǐng?
How many movies did you watch?
¿Cuántas películas viste?

④你学了几个汉字?
Nǐ xué le jǐ gè Hànzì?
How many Chinese characters have you learned?
¿Cuántos caracteres chinos has aprendido?

⑤外边有几个学生?
Wàibiān yǒu jǐ gè xuéshēng?
How many students are outside?
¿Cuántos estudiantes hay afuera?

⑥你住几楼?
Nǐ zhù jǐ lóu?
Which floor do you live on?
¿En qué piso vives?

结构特点

疑问代词“几”跟量词组合后,可以作定语、宾语。

①S+V+几+M+N?

你 有 几 本 书?

②S+V+几+M?
你 买 几 张?

小提示

(1)使用疑问代词“几”提问的时候,句末可以不用语气助词,也可以加语气助词“呢”,但不能加“吗”。例如:

* 你有几本中文课本吗?

你有几本中文课本(呢)?

(2)“几”后面必须带量词。例如:

* 你有几中文课本?

你有几本中文课本?

(3)询问楼层一般用“几”,不用“多少”。例如:

A:你去几楼?

B:我去15楼。

疑问代词(3):几

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